diff --git a/assembler/index.html b/assembler/index.html
index 2a7c496..11d8415 100644
--- a/assembler/index.html
+++ b/assembler/index.html
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@
 					<label for="config-raw-output-input">raw output: </label>
 					<input type="checkbox" id="config-raw-output-input">
 				</div>
+				<div id="config-focus-emulator">
+					<label for="config-focus-emulator-input">focus emulator: </label>
+					<input type="checkbox" id="config-focus-emulator-input">
+				</div>
 				<!-- <div id="config-line-numbers">
 				<label for="config-line-numbers-input">line numbers: </label>
 				<input type="checkbox" id="config-labels-input">
diff --git a/assembler/main.ts b/assembler/main.ts
index 1efaba8..c9c2a33 100644
--- a/assembler/main.ts
+++ b/assembler/main.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { ArchName, ArchSpecification, AssemblyInput, AssemblyOutput, Instruction
 import { toNote } from './util.js';
 
 const CONFIG_VERSION: string = '1';
-const EMULATOR_SPEED = 60;
+const EMULATOR_SPEED = 30;
 
 window.addEventListener('load', init);
 
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ type ConfigurationSpecification = {
 	syntaxHighlighting: string;
 	inlineSourceFormat: string;
 	rawOutput: boolean;
+	focusEmulator: boolean;
 	sendDelay: number;
 };
 
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ class Configuration {
 	syntaxHighlighting: string;
 	inlineSourceFormat: string;
 	rawOutput: boolean;
+	focusEmulator: boolean;
 	sendDelay: number;
 
 	private formElement: HTMLFormElement;
@@ -73,6 +75,7 @@ class Configuration {
 	private targetArchDocsButton: HTMLButtonElement;
 	private syntaxHighlightingSelect: HTMLSelectElement;
 	private rawOutputCheckbox: HTMLInputElement;
+	private focusEmulatorCheckbox: HTMLInputElement;
 	private sendDelayInput: HTMLInputElement;
 
 	constructor() {
@@ -85,6 +88,7 @@ class Configuration {
 		this.targetArchDocsButton = document.getElementById('config-target-arch-docs-button') as HTMLButtonElement;
 		this.syntaxHighlightingSelect = document.getElementById('config-syntax-highlighting-select') as HTMLSelectElement;
 		this.rawOutputCheckbox = document.getElementById('config-raw-output-input') as HTMLInputElement;
+		this.focusEmulatorCheckbox = document.getElementById('config-focus-emulator-input') as HTMLInputElement;
 		this.sendDelayInput = document.getElementById('control-send-speed') as HTMLInputElement;
 
 		this.formElement.addEventListener('change', () => {
@@ -115,10 +119,17 @@ class Configuration {
 		this.machineCodeShowLabels = this.labelsCheckbox.checked;
 		this.inlineSourceFormat = this.inlineSourceSelect.value;
 		this.rawOutput = this.rawOutputCheckbox.checked;
+		this.focusEmulator = this.focusEmulatorCheckbox.checked;
 		this.sendDelay = parseInt(this.sendDelayInput.value);
 
 		document.getElementById('assembly').className = `theme-${this.syntaxHighlighting}`;
 
+		if (this.focusEmulator) {
+			document.getElementById('page').classList.add('emulator');
+		} else {
+			document.getElementById('page').classList.remove('emulator');
+		}
+
 		this.saveToLocalStorage();
 	}
 
@@ -139,6 +150,7 @@ class Configuration {
 				configuration.targetArch = parsed.targetArch;
 				configuration.syntaxHighlighting = parsed.syntaxHighlighting;
 				configuration.inlineSourceFormat = parsed.inlineSourceFormat;
+				configuration.focusEmulator = parsed.focusEmulator;
 				configuration.rawOutput = parsed.rawOutput;
 				configuration.sendDelay = parsed.sendDelay;
 
@@ -149,6 +161,7 @@ class Configuration {
 				configuration.syntaxHighlightingSelect.value = configuration.syntaxHighlighting;
 				configuration.inlineSourceSelect.value = configuration.inlineSourceFormat;
 				configuration.rawOutputCheckbox.checked = configuration.rawOutput;
+				configuration.focusEmulatorCheckbox.checked = configuration.focusEmulator;
 				configuration.sendDelayInput.value = configuration.sendDelay.toString();
 			}
 		}
@@ -169,6 +182,7 @@ class Configuration {
 			inlineSourceFormat: this.inlineSourceFormat,
 			syntaxHighlighting: this.syntaxHighlighting,
 			rawOutput: this.rawOutput,
+			focusEmulator: this.focusEmulator,
 			sendDelay: this.sendDelay,
 		};
 		localStorage.setItem('configuration', JSON.stringify(values));
diff --git a/assembler/styles.css b/assembler/styles.css
index bf7f077..9fee862 100644
--- a/assembler/styles.css
+++ b/assembler/styles.css
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ input[type="checkbox"] {
 		"assembly-status machine-code-status";
 }
 
+#page.emulator {
+	grid-template-rows: 0fr 1fr 300px;
+}
+
 @media (max-width: 900px) {
 	#page {
 		grid-template-columns: 1fr;
@@ -62,7 +66,7 @@ input[type="checkbox"] {
 	grid-template-areas:
 		"target-arch syntax-highlighting labels"
 		"output-format source raw-output"
-		"address-format none none";
+		"address-format breakpoints focus-emulator";
 }
 
 #controls>form>div {
@@ -81,6 +85,14 @@ input[type="checkbox"] {
 	grid-area: raw-output;
 }
 
+#config-focus-emulator {
+	grid-area: focus-emulator;
+}
+
+#config-breakpoints {
+	grid-area: breakpoints;
+}
+
 #config-line-numbers {
 	grid-area: config-line-numbers;
 }
diff --git a/assembler/targets/parva_0_1.ts b/assembler/targets/parva_0_1.ts
index 3fd5e48..4a60c2c 100644
--- a/assembler/targets/parva_0_1.ts
+++ b/assembler/targets/parva_0_1.ts
@@ -618,6 +618,7 @@ class ParvaEmulator implements Emulator {
 		screen: [] as Array<Array<number>>,
 		screenBuffer: [] as Array<Array<number>>,
 	};
+	previousFrameAccessedMemory: boolean = false;
 
 	constructor() { }
 
@@ -632,6 +633,12 @@ class ParvaEmulator implements Emulator {
 	}
 
 	step() {
+
+	}
+
+	stepCore(): boolean {
+		let coreTerminates = false;
+
 		const instruction = this.memory[this.pc] ?? 0;
 		const bits = instruction.toString(2).padStart(24, '0');
 
@@ -715,6 +722,8 @@ class ParvaEmulator implements Emulator {
 					this.memory[address + 1] = valueD1;
 				}
 			}
+
+			this.previousFrameAccessedMemory = true;
 		} else if (operationType === '11') {
 			// branching
 			const special = condition.startsWith('11');
@@ -747,6 +756,7 @@ class ParvaEmulator implements Emulator {
 				result = !result;
 			}
 			if (result) {
+				coreTerminates = true;
 				this.pc = targetAddress - 1;
 			}
 		}
@@ -755,6 +765,7 @@ class ParvaEmulator implements Emulator {
 		this.pc &= 0xffffff;
 		this.cycle += 1;
 		this.cycle &= 0xffffff;
+		return coreTerminates;
 	}
 
 	ioOut(device: number, command: number, valueA: number, valueB: number) {
diff --git a/assembler/targets/v8.ts b/assembler/targets/v8.ts
index a9958d9..dba5a91 100644
--- a/assembler/targets/v8.ts
+++ b/assembler/targets/v8.ts
@@ -440,16 +440,16 @@ class V8Emulator implements Emulator {
 			this.pc = this.memory[immediate] ?? 0;
 		} else if (bits === '00000100') {
 			// jz imm
-			this.pc = this.registers[0] === 0 ? immediate : this.pc + 1;
+			this.pc = this.zeroFlag ? immediate : this.pc + 2;
 		} else if (bits === '00000101') {
 			// jnz imm
-			this.pc = this.registers[0] !== 0 ? immediate : this.pc + 1;
+			this.pc = !this.zeroFlag ? immediate : this.pc + 2;
 		} else if (bits === '00000110') {
 			// jc imm
-			this.pc = this.carryFlag ? immediate : this.pc + 1;
+			this.pc = this.carryFlag ? immediate : this.pc + 2;
 		} else if (bits === '00000111') {
 			// jnc imm
-			this.pc = !this.carryFlag ? immediate : this.pc + 1;
+			this.pc = !this.carryFlag ? immediate : this.pc + 2;
 		} else if (bits === '00001000') {
 			// jsr imm
 			this.push(this.pc + 2);
@@ -486,16 +486,16 @@ class V8Emulator implements Emulator {
 			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => x + a + (this.carryFlag ? 1 : 0));
 		} else if (bits.startsWith('00011')) {
 			// inc
-			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => x + 1);
+			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => x + 1, false);
 		} else if (bits.startsWith('00100')) {
 			// sbc
 			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => x - a - (this.carryFlag ? 1 : 0));
 		} else if (bits.startsWith('00101')) {
 			// dec
-			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => x - 1);
+			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => x - 1, false);
 		} else if (bits.startsWith('00110')) {
 			// not
-			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => (~x) & 0xff);
+			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => (~x) & 0xff, false);
 		} else if (bits.startsWith('00111')) {
 			// xor
 			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => x ^ a);
@@ -519,11 +519,11 @@ class V8Emulator implements Emulator {
 			this.pc += 1;
 		} else if (bits.startsWith('01100')) {
 			// rol
-			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => (x << 1) + (x >>> 7));
+			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => (x << 1) + (x >>> 7), false);
 		} else if (bits.startsWith('01101')) {
 			// ror
 			const initialValue = this.getRegister(operand);
-			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => (x >>> 1) + ((x & 1) << 7));
+			this.aluOp(operand, (x, a) => (x >>> 1) + ((x & 1) << 7), false);
 			this.carryFlag = (initialValue & 1) === 1;
 		} else if (bits.startsWith('01110')) {
 			// cmp
@@ -575,13 +575,13 @@ class V8Emulator implements Emulator {
 		}
 	}
 
-	aluOp(register: string, fn: (x: number, a: number) => number) {
+	aluOp(register: string, fn: (x: number, a: number) => number, destinationIsA = true) {
 		const operandValue = this.getRegister(register);
 		const aValue = this.registers[0];
 		const result = fn(operandValue, aValue);
 		this.zeroFlag = result === 0;
-		this.carryFlag = result > 0xff;
-		this.registers[0] = result & 0xff;
+		this.carryFlag = (result & 0xff) !== result;
+		this.setRegister(destinationIsA ? '0' : register, result & 0xff);
 		this.pc += 1;
 	}
 
@@ -634,8 +634,12 @@ class V8Emulator implements Emulator {
 				memoryString += ' ';
 			}
 		}
+		const controlRegistersString = `<span style="background-color: #fcb55b">pc: ${this.pc.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}</span>, `
+			+ `<span style="background-color: cyan">stack pointer: ${this.memory[STACK_POINTER_ADDRESS].toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}</span>, `
+			+ `carry flag: ${this.carryFlag ? 1 : 0}, `
+			+ `zero flag: ${this.zeroFlag ? 1 : 0}`;
 		return `
-			<pre><span style="background-color: #fcb55b">pc: ${this.pc.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}</span>,<span style="background-color: cyan"> stack pointer: ${this.memory[STACK_POINTER_ADDRESS].toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}</span></pre>
+			<pre>${controlRegistersString}</pre>
 			<pre>${registersString}</pre>
 			<pre>memory:\n${memoryString}</pre>
 		`;
diff --git a/programs/parva/add_carry_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/add_carry_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/add_carry_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/add_carry_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/assembler_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/assembler_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/assembler_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/assembler_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/binary_to_decimal_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/binary_to_decimal_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/binary_to_decimal_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/binary_to_decimal_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/binary_to_decimal_2.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/binary_to_decimal_2.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/binary_to_decimal_2.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/binary_to_decimal_2.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/calculator_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/calculator_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/calculator_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/calculator_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/cli_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/cli_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/cli_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/cli_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/fibonacci_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/fibonacci_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/fibonacci_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/fibonacci_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/fibonacci_2.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/fibonacci_2.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/fibonacci_2.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/fibonacci_2.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/fibonacci_3.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/fibonacci_3.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/fibonacci_3.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/fibonacci_3.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/gpu_hello_world_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/gpu_hello_world_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/gpu_hello_world_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/gpu_hello_world_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/gpu_hello_world_2.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/gpu_hello_world_2.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/gpu_hello_world_2.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/gpu_hello_world_2.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/gpu_hello_world_3.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/gpu_hello_world_3.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/gpu_hello_world_3.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/gpu_hello_world_3.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/gpu_print_1 b/programs/parva_0.1/gpu_print_1
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/gpu_print_1
rename to programs/parva_0.1/gpu_print_1
diff --git a/programs/parva/memtest_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/memtest_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/memtest_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/memtest_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/memtest_2.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/memtest_2.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/memtest_2.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/memtest_2.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/multiply_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/multiply_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/multiply_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/multiply_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/pythagorean_triples_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/pythagorean_triples_1.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/pythagorean_triples_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/pythagorean_triples_1.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/pythagorean_triples_2.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/pythagorean_triples_2.lbpasm
similarity index 100%
rename from programs/parva/pythagorean_triples_2.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/pythagorean_triples_2.lbpasm
diff --git a/programs/parva/tetris_1.lbpasm b/programs/parva_0.1/tetris_1.lbpasm
similarity index 98%
rename from programs/parva/tetris_1.lbpasm
rename to programs/parva_0.1/tetris_1.lbpasm
index 35ab8ca..2589f82 100644
--- a/programs/parva/tetris_1.lbpasm
+++ b/programs/parva_0.1/tetris_1.lbpasm
@@ -166,19 +166,19 @@ blt x2, x3, 2
 add x0, x0, x1
 slli x1, x1, 6
 srli x2, x0, 6
-and x2, x0, 0o77
+andi x2, x0, 0o77
 blt x2, x3, end_score_change
 add x0, x0, x1
 
 slli x1, x1, 6
 srli x2, x0, 6
-and x2, x0, 0o77
+andi x2, x0, 0o77
 blt x2, x3, end_score_change
 add x0, x0, x1
 slli x1, x1, 6
 
 srli x2 x0, 6
-and x2, x0, 0o77
+andi x2, x0, 0o77
 blt x2, x3, end_score_change
 add x0, x0, x1
 
diff --git a/programs/parva_0.2/alloc.parva b/programs/parva_0.2/alloc.parva
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b78fae1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/programs/parva_0.2/alloc.parva
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# alloc
+
+.export malloc, free, realloc
+
+# a0 = size
+# a1 = alignment
+malloc:
+	
+
diff --git a/programs/parva_0.2/boot.parva b/programs/parva_0.2/boot.parva
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1dc0f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/programs/parva_0.2/boot.parva
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# boot
+
+.address 0
+
+entry:
+	# todo: get bit representing if we're in supervisor mode and put in a0
+	beqz a0, user_mode_trap
+	b boot_sequence
+user_mode_trap:
+	int 
+	wfi
diff --git a/programs/parva_0.2/cat.parva b/programs/parva_0.2/cat.parva
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fae2318
--- /dev/null
+++ b/programs/parva_0.2/cat.parva
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# cat
+
+.extern f_open, f_close, f_read, write
+.string_encoding system
+
+main: # fn (args: [cstr8]) -> int
+	mv s0, a0
+	push a1
+	li s1, 0
+
+arg_loop:
+	lw t0, 1(sp)
+	beq s1, t0, end
+	lw a0, 0(s0)
+	call f_open # a0 = file descriptor
+	bltz a0, error_open
+	push a0
+	call f_read # a0 = pointer to contents
+	bltz a0, error_read
+	mv a1, a0
+	li a0, 1 # stdout
+	call write
+	pop a0
+	call f_close
+	addi s1, s1, 1
+	b arg_loop
+
+error_read:
+	pop zero
+	mv s0, a1
+	call f_close
+	mv a1, s0
+error_open:
+	mv s0, a1
+	li a0, 1
+	li a1, error_message
+	call write
+	mv a1, s0
+	call write
+	b end
+end:
+	li a0, 0
+	ret
+
+error_message:
+	.string "\fr" # color red
+	.string "Error: \0"
diff --git a/programs/parva_0.2/hashmap.parva b/programs/parva_0.2/hashmap.parva
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e23372
--- /dev/null
+++ b/programs/parva_0.2/hashmap.parva
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+# hashmap
+
+.extern malloc
+.export hashmap__new
+
+# structure:
+# <entry count>
+# <capacity magnitude> (capacity = 2 ^ capacity magnitude)
+# {
+#   <hash>
+#   <value>
+# } * 2^capacity
+
+
+# Uses open addressing
+
+
+# a0 = initial capacity magnitude
+# returns: pointer to hashmap
+hashmap__new:
+	push ra
+	push s0
+	mv s0, a0
+	li a0, 1
+	sll a0, a0, s0
+	addi a0, s0, 2
+	li a1, 0
+	call malloc
+	li t0, 0
+zero_fill_loop:
+	addi t0, t0, 1
+	sw zero, [a0 + t0 + 2]
+	bne t0, s0 zero_fill_loop
+
+	sw zero, [a0 + s0 + 0]
+	sw s0, [a0 + s0 + 1]
+	pop s0
+	pop ra
+	ret
+
+index_from_hash:
+	beqz a1, error
+	li t2, 1
+	lw a3, [a0 + 1]
+	sll t2, t2, a3
+	addi t2, t2, -1
+	and t1, a1, t2
+	add t1, t1, t1
+	jr t0
+
+# a0 = pointer to hashmap
+# a1 = 24-bit hash of key
+# returns: value
+hashmap__get:
+	jal t0, index_from_hash
+get_loop:
+	lw t2, [a0 + t1 + 2] # t2 = hash of entry key
+	beq t2, a1, entry_found
+	beqz t2, entry_not_found
+	addi t1, t1, 2
+	b get_loop
+entry_found:
+	lw a0, [a0 + t0 + 3]
+	ret
+entry_not_found:
+	li a0, 0
+	ret
+
+# a0 = pointer to hashmap
+# a1 = 24-bit hash of key
+# a2 = 24-bit value
+# returns: pointer to value
+hashmap__insert:
+	lw a3, [a0] # entry count
+	lw a4, [a0 + 1] # capacity magnitude
+	li t0, 1
+	addi a5, a4, -1
+	sll a5, t0, a5 # capacity / 2
+	ble a3, a5, insert_no_resize
+	slli a4, a4, 2 # capacity * 2
+	jal s0, resize
+insert_no_resize:
+	jal t0, index_from_hash
+	add a3, a3, a3
+insert_loop:
+	lw t2, [a0 + t1 + 2] # t2 = hash of entry key
+	addi t1, t1, 2
+	bnez t2 slot_found
+
+
+	beq t2, a1, entry_found
+	beqz t2, entry_not_found
+	addi t1, t1, 1
+	b insert_loop
+
+# a4 = new capacity
+resize:
+	push a0, a1, a2, a3, a4
+	mv a0, a4
+	mv s0, t0
+	call hashmap__new
+	pop t0, a1, a2, a3, a4
+	addi a4, a4, 1
+	sw a4, [a0]
diff --git a/programs/parva_0.2/terminal.parva b/programs/parva_0.2/terminal.parva
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4dc68d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/programs/parva_0.2/terminal.parva
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# terminal
+
+.extern f_open, f_close, f_read, write
+.string_encoding system
+
+main: # fn (args: [cstr8]) -> int
+	mv s0, a0
+	push a1
+	li s1, 0
+
+arg_loop:
+	lw t0, 1(sp)
+	beq s1, t0, end
+	lw a0, 0(s0)
+	call f_open # a0 = file descriptor
+	bltz a0, error_open
+	push a0
+	call f_read # a0 = pointer to contents
+	bltz a0, error_read
+	mv a1, a0
+	li a0, 1 # stdout
+	call write
+	pop a0
+	call f_close
+	addi s1, s1, 1
+	b arg_loop
+
+error_read:
+	pop zero
+	mv s0, a1
+	call f_close
+	mv a1, s0
+error_open:
+	mv s0, a1
+	li a0, 1
+	li a1, error_message
+	call write
+	mv a1, s0
+	call write
+	b end
+end:
+	li a0, 0
+	ret
+
+error_message:
+	.string "\fr" # color red
+	.string "Error: \0"